Denial Code CO-111
Not covered unless the provider accepts assignment
Recommended action: send patient statement
This service is non-covered or outside the patient's benefit. The balance is typically billable to the patient, but verify before sending a statement: for Medicare, a valid Advance Beneficiary Notice (ABN) must have been signed before the service; for commercial, review any provider-contract restrictions on balance billing. If no ABN was obtained for Medicare non-covered services, you generally cannot bill the patient.
The PayerReady Medical Coding Team has not authored specific guidance for CO-111. The classification and any sample correspondence below are generated from the X12 denial-code group and prefix only. Verify your specific claim circumstances and your payer's current appeal or resubmission policy before sending any correspondence. For expert guidance on the most-common denial codes, see CO-45, CO-97, CO-50, and other curated pages.
Patient statement template
Use this statement to bill the patient for the adjusted amount. Before sending, verify the patient owes the balance per their plan (and for Medicare, that a valid ABN was signed when required).
[Your Practice Letterhead] [Date] [Patient Name] [Patient Address] Re: Account Balance, Date of Service [DOS] Claim Number: [Claim Number] Dear [Patient Name]: Your insurance claim for the service provided on [DOS] has been processed by [Payer Name]. The insurer has determined that the following amount is your responsibility under your plan benefit design: Adjustment code: CO-111 Description: Not covered unless the provider accepts assignment Amount due: $[Amount] This amount represents your [deductible / copay / coinsurance / non-covered portion] per your plan terms. Please remit payment by [Due Date] or contact our billing office at [Phone] to arrange a payment plan. If you believe this amount is incorrect, please contact [Payer Name] member services using the number on the back of your insurance card to verify your benefit details. Sincerely, [Practice Name] Billing Department [Phone] · [Email] --- Before sending: if this is a Medicare claim and a valid Advance Beneficiary Notice (ABN) was not signed before the service, consult Medicare guidelines. Certain non-covered services cannot be billed to the patient without proper advance notice. Practices should maintain ABN records and verify signature status before generating patient statements for PR-denied Medicare claims.
CO-111 FAQ
What does denial code CO-111 mean? +
Denial code CO-111 indicates: Not covered unless the provider accepts assignment. This falls under Contractual Obligations (provider writes off).
Can I appeal a CO-111 denial? +
Not by the provider. CO-111 represents the patient's responsibility per their plan benefit design (deductible, copay, coinsurance, or non-covered service). Send a patient statement. The patient can dispute the plan determination with their payer directly.
Can I bill the patient for a CO-111 denial? +
Yes. PR (Patient Responsibility) denials indicate the patient owes the balance under their plan design. Send a patient statement. For Medicare non-covered services, ensure a valid Advance Beneficiary Notice (ABN) was signed before the service — without one, you generally cannot bill the patient.
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Copy the template above, customize clinical reasoning, and attach supporting documentation.
Copy template →Appeal template and root-cause analysis verified against the X12 Claim Adjustment Reason Code reference and CMS NCCI 2026. See data sources and methodology.
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Reviewed by the PayerReady Medical Coding Team
Verified against the CMS 2026 code set on May 31, 2026.
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