CPT 93931
Global XXX ActiveUpper extremity study
CPT 93931 Billing & Documentation Guide
CPT code 93931 (Upper extremity study) is classified under Cardiovascular with a global period indicator of XXX. The 2026 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule assigns a work RVU of 0.49, a non-facility practice expense RVU of 3.06, and a malpractice RVU of 0.07, a total non-facility RVU of 3.62 and facility RVU of 3.62. With the current conversion factor of $33.4009, the national average non-facility reimbursement is approximately $125.37, though rates vary from $105.37 to $166.8 based on MAC locality and Geographic Practice Cost Indices (GPCIs).
When billing 93931, ensure documentation supports medical necessity and the specific components required for the code's level of service. For E/M codes, document MDM (medical decision-making) elements: problems addressed, data reviewed, and risk. For procedural codes, document the indication, technique, and any complications. Always verify NCCI edits before bundling 93931 with related codes; this code has 10 PTP bundling relationships on file (see table below).
Payment Status & Global Period
Active code (paid under MPFS)
No global period (E/M and other non-procedural services)
MUE Limit (Medically Unlikely Edits)
Submitting more than 1 units of 93931 for the same patient on the same date triggers automatic line denial unless an appropriate modifier and supporting documentation justify the higher quantity.
RVU Breakdown, CPT 93931
| Component | Non-Facility | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| Work RVU | 0.49 | 0.49 |
| Practice Expense RVU | 3.06 | 3.06 |
| Malpractice RVU | 0.07 | 0.07 |
| Total RVU | 3.62 | 3.62 |
| Conversion Factor | $33.4009 | |
2026 Medicare Reimbursement by State, CPT 93931
State-level averages across all MAC localities. Non-facility rates typically apply to office-based services; facility rates apply to hospital outpatient / inpatient.
| State | Non-Facility | Facility | Range (Non-Fac) | Localities |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | $139.16 | $139.16 | $129.92 - $166.8 | 29 |
| Florida | $123.47 | $123.47 | $117.59 - $128.68 | 3 |
| Georgia | $116.7 | $116.7 | $110.32 - $123.07 | 2 |
| Illinois | $119.65 | $119.65 | $113.34 - $125.59 | 4 |
| Michigan | $115.63 | $115.63 | $112.32 - $118.94 | 2 |
| North Carolina | $113.22 | $113.22 | $113.22 - $113.22 | 1 |
| New York | $134.34 | $134.34 | $115.11 - $143.28 | 5 |
| Ohio | $112.04 | $112.04 | $112.04 - $112.04 | 1 |
| Pennsylvania | $119.13 | $119.13 | $112.4 - $125.85 | 2 |
| Texas | $119.25 | $119.25 | $111.55 - $126.61 | 8 |
Source: CMS PFSRVU 2026 · Updated 2026-04-01. Full locality-level detail available for all 53 states, contact us for custom reports.
NCCI Bundling Edits, CPT 93931
Procedure-to-procedure (PTP) edits. If you bill any of these codes with 93931 on the same date of service, review the modifier indicator and payer policy before submission.
| Partner Code | Relationship | Modifier Allowed | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0689T | Column 1 (primary), can be billed with modifier | Yes | Misuse of Column Two code with Column One code |
| 0690T | Column 1 (primary), can be billed with modifier | Yes | CPT Manual or CMS manual coding instruction |
| 36591 | Column 1 (primary), can be billed with modifier | No | CPT Manual or CMS manual coding instruction |
| 36592 | Column 1 (primary), can be billed with modifier | No | CPT Manual or CMS manual coding instruction |
| 76880 | Column 1 (primary), can be billed with modifier | Yes | Standards of medical/surgical practice |
| 76881 | Column 1 (primary), can be billed with modifier | Yes | Standards of medical/surgical practice |
| 76882 | Column 1 (primary), can be billed with modifier | Yes | Standards of medical/surgical practice |
| 76970 | Column 1 (primary), can be billed with modifier | Yes | Misuse of Column Two code with Column One code |
| 76986 | Column 1 (primary), can be billed with modifier | Yes | Misuse of Column Two code with Column One code |
| 76998 | Column 1 (primary), can be billed with modifier | Yes | Misuse of Column Two code with Column One code |
Frequently Asked Questions, CPT 93931
What does CPT code 93931 mean? +
CPT code 93931 represents: Upper extremity study. It's in the Cardiovascular category with a global period of XXX.
What is the Medicare reimbursement for CPT 93931? +
The 2026 Medicare national average non-facility payment for CPT 93931 is $125.37. Rates range from $105.37 to $166.8 across 53 states depending on MAC locality and GPCIs.
What modifiers can I use with CPT 93931? +
Medicine section spans a wide range: therapy services use GP/GO/GN (PT/OT/SLP plans of care) and KX (above cap with documentation). Drug administration uses JW (waste) and JZ (no waste). Professional/technical split applies to some diagnostic codes.
What bundling edits apply to CPT 93931? +
This code has 10 NCCI PTP bundling relationships. See the NCCI Bundling section below for full list.
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Reviewed by the PayerReady Medical Coding Team
Verified against the CMS 2026 code set on May 31, 2026.
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